What is Diabetes. What should you know?

What is diabetes.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder. It affects metabolism of carbohydrate, protein and fat. It affects all  body systems.
When we eat food our body converts it into carbohydrate which is converted to simple sugar called glucose. Glucose is our body's main source of fuel. After digestion, glucose passes into our blood stream resulting in a rise in blood glucose levels. In normal conditions this triggers the release of insulin from pancreas. Insulin is a hormone which moves excess glucose from our blood stream into cells of body where it is used for energy.
When someones gets diabetes his blood sugar level rises for one of two reasons:

• The pancreas produces too little - or no - insulin.

• Body's cell resist against the action of insulin so that it can not move glucose into cells

The result - unhealthy increase in blood sugar levels which in medical terms is called "hyperglycemia".

Types of diabetes.

 There are two main types of diabetes.

Type 1 Diabetes 

Type 1 diabetes which is also called insulin dependent diabetes. As the name tells, in this type patient is dependent on insulin. In this condition, cells of pancreas which secret insulin are destroyed by an autoimmune reaction. Type 1 diabetes usually develops in young age and is also called as juvenile-onset diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes

Resistance to the insulin action is the major problem in this type of diabetes. Pancreatic cells either produce no insulin or very little insulin. Sometimes, both problems, no insulin and resistance to insulin action coexist.

Patient with type 2 diabetes can manage their diabetes with healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight control. Although patient may need medication.